| Binomial | Family | Pharmaceutical Drug Name | Chinese Name | English Name | Plant Part(s) Comprising Drug |
|---|
| Abrus cantoniensis | Fabaceae | Herba Abri | Jigucao | Canton Love-pea Vine | Dried herb |
| Abutilon theophrastii | Malvaceae | Semen Abutili | Qingmazi | Chingma Abutilon Seed | Dried ripe seed |
| Acacia catechu | Fabaceae | Catechu | Ercha | Cutch, Black Catechu | Dried concentrated decoction prepared from the peeled branch and stem |
| Acanthopanax gracilistylus | Araliaceae | Cortex Acanthopanacis | Wujiapi | Slenderstyle Acanthopanax Bark | Dried root bark |
| Acanthopanax senticosus | Araliaceae | Radix seu Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi | Ciwujia | Manyprickle Acanthopanax | Dried root and rhizome or stem |
| Achyrantes bidentata | Amaranthaceae | Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae | Niuxi | Twotoothed Achyranthes Root | Dried root |
| Aconitum carmichaeli | Ranunculaceae | Radix Aconiti | Chuanwu | Common Monkshood Mother Root | Dried parent root tuber (also processed daughter root) |
| Aconitum kusnezoffii | Ranunculaceae | Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii | Caowu | Kusnezoff Monkshood Root | Dried root tuber |
| Aconitum kusnezoffii | Ranunculaceae | Folium Aconiti Kusnezoffii | Caowuye | Kusnezoff Monkshood Leaf | Dried leaf |
| Acorus calamus | Araceae | Rhizoma Acori Calami | Zangchangpu | Tibet Sweetflag Rhizome | Dried rhizome |
| Acorus tatarinowii | Araceae | Rhizoma Acori Tatarinowii | Shichangpu | Grassleaf Sweetflag Rhizome | Dried rhizome |
| Adenophora tetraphylla | Campanulaceae | Radix Adenophorae* | Nanshashen | Fourleaf Ladybell Root | Dried root |
| Adenophora stricta | Campanulaceae | Radix Adenophorae* | Nanshashen | Fourleaf Ladybell Root | Dried root |
| Aesculus chinensis | Hippocastanaceae | Semen Aesculi* | Suoluozi | Buckeye Seed | Dried ripe seed |
| Aesculus chinensis var. chekiangensis | Hippocastanaceae | Semen Aesculi* | Suoluozi | Buckeye Seed | Dried ripe seed |
| Agrimonia pilosa | Rosaceae | Herba Agrimoniae | Xianhecao | Hairyvein Agrimonia Herb | Dried aerial part |
| Ailanthus altissima | Simaroubaceae | Cortex Ailanthi | Chunpi | Tree-of-heaven Bark | Dried root bark or stem bark |
| Akebia quinata | Lardizabalaceae | Fructus Akebiae* | Yuzhizi | Akebia Fruit | Dried nearly ripe fruit |
| Akebia trifoliata | Lardizabalaceae | Fructus Akebiae* | Yuzhizi | Akebia Fruit | Dried nearly ripe fruit |
| Akebia trifoliata var. australis | Lardizabalaceae | Fructus Akebiae* | Yuzhizi | Akebia Fruit | Dried nearly ripe fruit |
| Albizia julibrissin | Fabaceae | Flos Albiziae | Hehuanhua | Albizia Flower | Dried inflorescence |
| Albizia julibrissin | Fabaceae | Cortex Albiziae | Hehuanpi | Silktree Albizia Bark | Dried stem bark |
| Alisma orientalis | Alismataceae | Rhizoma Alismatis | Zexie | Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome | Dried tuber |
| Allium chinensis | Liliaceae | Bulbus Alii Macrostemonis* | Xiebai | Longstamen Onion Bulb | Dried bulb |
| Allium macrostemon | Liliaceae | Bulbus Alii Macrostemonis* | Xiebai | Longstamen Onion Bulb | Dried bulb |
| Allium tuberosum | Liliaceae | Semen Allii Tuberosi | Jiucaizi | Tuber Onion Seed | Dried ripe seed |
| Aloe barbadensis et spp. | Aloaceae/Liliaceae | Aloe* | Luhui | Aloes | Dried leaf juice |
| Aloe ferox et spp. | Aloaceae/Liliaceae | Aloe* | Luhui | Aloes | Dried leaf juice |
| Alpinia galanga | Zingiberaceae | Fructus Galangae | Hongdoukou | Galanga Galangal Fruit | Dried fruit |
| Alpinia katsumadai | Zingiberaceae | Semen Alpiniae Katsumadai | Caodoukou | Katsumada Galangal Seed | Dried almost ripe seed |
| Alpinia officinarum | Zingiberaceae | Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarum | Gaoliangjiang | Lesser Galangal Rhizome | Dried rhizome |
| Alpinia oxyphylla | Zingiberaceae | Fructus Alpiniae Oxyphyllae | Yizhi | Sharpleaf Galangal Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Amomum compactum | Zingiberaceae | Fructus Amomi Rotundus* | Doukou | Round Cardamon Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Amomum kravanh | Zingiberaceae | Fructus Amomi Rotundus* | Doukou | Round Cardamon Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Amomum longiligulare | Zingiberaceae | Fructus Amomi* | Sharen | Villous Amomum Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Amomum tsaoko | Zingiberaceae | Fructus Tsaoko | Caoguo | Caoguo | Dried ripe fruit |
| Amomum villosum | Zingiberaceae | Fructus Amomi* | Sharen | Villous Amomum Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Amomum villosum var. xanthioides | Zingiberaceae | Fructus Amomi* | Sharen | Villous Amomum Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Ampelopsis japonica | Vitaceae | Radix Ampelopsis | Bailian | Japanese Ampelopsis Root | Dried root tuber |
| Andrographis paniculata | Acanthaceae | Herba Andrographis | Chuanxinlian | Common Andrographis Herb | Dried aerial part |
| Anemarrhena asphodeloides | Liliaceae | Rhizoma Anemarrhenae | Zhimu | Common Anemarrhena Rhizome | Dried rhizome |
| Anemone raddeana | Ranunculaceae | Rhizoma Anemones Raddeanae | Liangtoujian | Radde Anemone Rhizome | Dried rhizome |
| Angelica dahurica, A. dahurica var. formosana | Apiaceae | Radix Angelicae Dahuricae | Baizhi | Dahurian Angelica Root | Dried root |
| Angelica pubescens f. biserrata | Apiaceae | Radix Angelicae Pubescentis | Duhuo | Doubleteeth Pubescent Angelica Root | Dried root |
| Angelica sinensis | Apiaceae | Radix Angelicae Sinensis | Danggui | Chinese Angelica | Dried root |
| Apocynum venetum | Apocynaceae | Folium Apocyni Veneti | Luobumaye | Dogbane Leaf | Dried leaf |
| Aquilaria sinensis | Thymelaeaceae | Lignum Aquilariae Resinatum | Chenxiang | Chinese Eaglewood Wood | Resin containing wood |
| Arctium lappa | Asteraceae | Fructus Arctii | Niubangzi | Great Burdock Achene | Dried ripe fruit |
| Areca catechu | Arecaceae | Semen Arecae | Binglang | Areca Seed | Dried ripe seed |
| Areca catechu | Arecaceae | Pericarpium Arecae | Dafupi | Areca Peel | Dried pericarp of the unripe fruit |
| Arisaema amurense | Araceae | Rhizoma Arisaematis* | Tiannanxing | Jackinthepulpit Tuber | Dried tuber |
| Arisaema erubescens | Araceae | Rhizoma Arisaematis* | Tiannanxing | Jackinthepulpit Tuber | Dried tuber |
| Arisaema heterophyllum | Araceae | Rhizoma Arisaematis* | Tiannanxing | Jackinthepulpit Tuber | Dried tuber |
| Aristolochia contorta | Aristolochiaceae | Fructus Aristolochiae* | Madouling | Dutchmanspipe Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Aristolochia contorta | Aristolochiaceae | Herba Aristolochiae* | Tianxianteng | Dutchmanspipe Vine | Dried aerial part |
| Aristolochia debilis | Aristolochiaceae | Fructus Aristolochiae* | Madouling | Dutchmanspipe Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Aristolochia debilis | Aristolochiaceae | Herba Aristolochiae* | Tianxianteng | Dutchmanspipe Vine | Dried aerial part |
| Aristolochia debilis | Aristolochiaceae | Radix Aristolochiae | Qingmuxiang | Slender Dutchmanspipe Root | Dried root |
| Aristolochia fangchi | Aristolochiaceae | Radix Aristolochiae Fangchi | Guangfangji | Southern Fangchi Root | Dried root |
| Aristolochia manshuriensis | Aristolochiaceae | Caulis Aristolochiae Manshuriensis | Guanmutong | Manchurian Dutchmanspipe Stem | Dried stem |
| Arnebia euchroma | Boraginaceae | Radix Arnebiae | Zicao* | Arnebia Root | Dried root |
| Arnebia guttata | Boraginaceae | Radix Arnebiae | Zicao* | Arnebia Root | Dried root |
| Artemisia annua | Asteraceae | Herba Artemisiae Annuae | Qinghao | Sweet Wormwood Herb | Dried aerial part |
| Artemisia argyi | Asteraceae | Folium Artemisiae Argyi | Aiye | Argy Wormwood Leaf | Dried leaf |
| Artemisia capillaris | Asteraceae | Herba Artemisiae Scopariae* | Yinchen | Virgate Wormwood Herb | Dried aerial part |
| Artemisia scoparia | Asteraceae | Herba Artemisiae Scopariae* | Yinchen | Virgate Wormwood Herb | Dried aerial part |
| Asarum heterotropoides var. mandshuricum | Aristolochiaceae | Herba Asari* | Xixin | Manchurian Wildginger | Dried herb |
| Asarum sieboldii, A. sieboldii var. seoulense | Aristolochiaceae | Herba Asari* | Xixin | Manchurian Wildginger | Dried herb |
| Asparagus cochinchinensis | Liliaceae | Radix Asparagi | Tiandong | Cochinchinese Asparagus Root | Dried root |
| Aster tataricus | Asteraceae | Radix Asteris | Ziwan | Tatarian Aster Root | Dried root and rhizome |
| Astragalus complanatus | Fabaceae | Semen Astragali Complanati | Shayuanzi | Flatstem Milkvetch Sedd | Dried ripe seed |
| Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus, A. membranaceus | Fabaceae | Radix Astragali | Huangqi | Milkvetch Root | Dried root |
| Atractylodes chinensis | Asteraceae | Rhizoma Atractylodis* | Cangzhu | Atractylodes Rhizome | Dried rhizome |
| Atractylodes lancea | Asteraceae | Rhizoma Atractylodis* | Cangzhu | Atractylodes Rhizome | Dried rhizome |
| Atractylodes macrocephala | Asteraceae | Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae | Baizhu | Largehead Atractylodes Rhizome | Dried rhizome |
| Atropa belladonna | Solanaceae | Herba Belladonnae | Dianqiecao | Belladonna Herb | Dried herb |
| Aucklandia lappa | Asteraceae | Radix Aucklandiae | Muxiang | Common Aucklandia Root | Dried root |
| Bambusa textilis | Poaceae | Concretio Silicea Bambusae* | Tianzhuhuang | Tabasheer | Dried masses of secretion in stem |
| Bambusa tuldoides | Poaceae | Caulis Bambusae in Taeniam* | Zhuru | Bamboo Shavings | Dried middle shavings of stem |
| Baphicacanthus cusia | Acanthaceae | Indigo Naturalis* | Qingdai | Natural Indigo | Dried powder or mass prepared from the leaf or the stem and leaf |
| Baphicacanthus cusia | Acanthaceae | Rhizoma et Radix Baphicacanthis Cusiae | Nanbanlangen | Baphicacanthus Rhizome | Dried rhizome and root |
| Belamcanda chinensis | Iridaceae | Rhizoma Belamcandae | Shegan | Blackberrylily Rhizome | Dried rhizome |
| Benincasa hispida | Cucurbitaceae | Exocarpium Benincasae | Dongguapi | Chinese Waxgourd Peel | Dried exocarp |
| Bletilla striata | Orchidaceae | Rhizoma Bletillae | Baiji | Common Bletilla Tuber | Dried tuber |
| Bolbostemma paniculatum | Cucurbitaceae | Rhizoma Bolbostematis | Tubeimu | Paniculate Bolbostemma | Dried tuber |
| Brassica juncea | Brassicaceae | Semen Sinapsis* | Jiezi* | Mustard Seed | Ripe seed |
| Brassica juncea | Brassicaceae | Semen Brassicae Junceae | Jiezi* | Mustard Seed | Ripe seed |
| Broussonetia papyrifera | Moraceae | Fructus Broussonetiae | Chushizi | Papermulberry Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Brucea javanica | Simaroubaceae | Fructus Bruceae | Yadanzi | Java Brucea Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Buddleja officinalis | Loganiaceae | Flos Buddlejae | Mimenghua | Pale Butterflybush Flower | Dried flower bud and its inflorescence |
| Bupleurum chinense, B. scorzonerifolium | Apiaceae | Radix Bupleuri | Chaihu | Chinese Thorowax Root | Dried root |
| Buxus mierophyila var. sinica et spp. | Buxaceae | Cyclovirobuxinum D | Huanweihuangyangxing D | Cyclovirobuxine D | Isolated substance |
| Caesalpinia sappan | Fabaceae | Lignum Sappan | Sumu | Sappan Wood | Dried heart wood |
| Calvatia gigantea | Lycoperdaceae | Lasiosphaera seu Calvatia* | Mabo | Puff-ball | Dried sporophore |
| Calvatia lilacina | Lycoperdaceae | Lasiosphaera seu Calvatia* | Mabo | Puff-ball | Dried sporophore |
| Camellia meiocarpa | Theaceae | Oleum Camelliae* | Chayou | Tea-seed Oil | Fatty oil obtained by squeezing from the ripe seed |
| Camellia oleifera | Theaceae | Oleum Camelliae* | Chayou | Tea-seed Oil | Fatty oil obtained by squeezing from the ripe seed |
| Campsis grandiflora | Bignoniaceae | Flos Campsis* | Lingxiaohua | Trumpetcreeper Flower | Dried flower |
| Campsis radicans | Bignoniaceae | Flos Campsis* | Lingxiaohua | Trumpetcreeper Flower | Dried flower |
| Canarium album | Bruseraceae | Fructus Canarii | Qingguo | Chinese White Olive | Dried ripe fruit |
| Canavalia gladiata | Fabaceae | Semen Canavaliae | Daodou | Jack Bean | Dried ripe seed |
| Cannabis sativa | Cannabaceae | Fructus Cannabis | Huomaren | Hemp Seed | Dried ripe fruit |
| Carpesium abrotanoides | Asteraceae | Fructus Carpesii | Heshi | Common Carpesium Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Carthamus tinctorius | Asteraceae | Flos Carthami | Honghua | Safflower | Dried flower |
| Cassia acutifolia | Fabaceae | Folium Sennae* | Fanxieye | Senna Leaf | Dried leaflet |
| Cassia angustifolia | Fabaceae | Folium Sennae* | Fanxieye | Senna Leaf | Dried leaflet |
| Cassia obtusifolia | Fabaceae | Semen Cassiae* | Juemingzi | Cassia Seed | Dried ripe seed |
| Cassia tora | Fabaceae | Semen Cassiae* | Juemingzi | Cassia Seed | Dried ripe seed |
| Celosia argentea | Amaranthaceae | Semen Celosiae | Qingxiangzi | Feather Cockscomb Seed | Dried ripe seed |
| Celosia cristata | Amaranthaceae | Flos Celosiae Cristatae | Jiguanhua | Cockcomb Flower | Dried capitulum |
| Centella asiatica | Apiaceae | Herba Centellae | Jixuecao | Asiatic Pennywort Herb | Dried herb |
| Centipeda minima | Asteraceae | Herba Centipedae | Ebushicao | Small Centipeda Herb | Dried herb |
| Chaenomeles speciosa | Rosaceae | Fructus Chaenomelis | Mugua | Common Floweringqince Fruit | Dried nearly ripe fruit |
| Changium smyrnioides | Apiaceae | Radix Changii | Mingdangshen | Medicinal Changium Root | Dried root |
| Choerospondias axillaris | Anacardiaceae | Fructus Choerospondiatis | Guangzao | Axillary Choerospondias Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Chrysanthemum indicum | Asteraceae | Flos Chrysanthemi Indici | Yejuhua | Wild Chrysanthemum Flower | Dried capitulum |
| Chrysanthemum morifolium | Asteraceae | Flos Chrysanthemi | Juhua | Chrysanthemum Flower | Dried capitulum |
| Cibotium barometz | Dicksoniaceae | Rhizoma Cibotii | Gouji | Cibot Rhizome | Dried rhizome |
| Cichorium glandulosum | Asteraceae | Herba Cichorii* | Juju | Chicory Herb | Dried aerial part |
| Cichorium intybus | Asteraceae | Herba Cichorii* | Juju | Chicory Herb | Dried aerial part |
| Cimicifuga dahurica | Ranunculaceae | Rhizoma Cimicifugae* | Shengma | Largetrifoliolious Bugbane Rhizome | Dried rhizome |
| Cimicifuga foetida | Ranunculaceae | Rhizoma Cimicifugae* | Shengma | Largetrifoliolious Bugbane Rhizome | Dried rhizome |
| Cimicifuga heracleifolia | Ranunculaceae | Rhizoma Cimicifugae* | Shengma | Largetrifoliolious Bugbane Rhizome | Dried rhizome |
| Cinnamomum camphora et spp. | Lauraceae | Oleum Eucalypti* | Anyou | Eucalyptus Oil | Volatile oil obtained by steam distillation from the plants |
| Cinnamomum cassia | Lauraceae | Ramulus Cinnamomi | Guizhi | Cassia Twig | Dried young branch |
| Cinnamomum cassia | Lauraceae | Cortex Cinnamomi | Rougui | Cassia Bark | Dried stem bark |
| Cinnamomum cassia | Lauraceae | Oleum Cinnamomi | Rouguiyou | Cassia Bark Oil | Volatile oil obtained by steam distillation from the dried branch and leaf |
| Cirsium japonicum | Asteraceae | Herba Cirsii Japonici, Radix Cirsii Japonici | Daji | Japanese Thistle Herb, Japanese Thistle Root | Dried aerial part or root |
| Cirsium setosum | Asteraceae | Herba Cirsii | Xiaoji | Field Thistle Herb | Dried aerial part |
| Cissampelos pareira var. hirsuta | Menispermaceae | Herba Cissampelotis | Yahunu | Common Cissampelos Herb | Dried whole plant |
| Cistanche deserticola | Orobanchaceae | Herba Cistanches | Roucongrong | Desertliving Cistanche | Dried fleshy stem with scales |
| Citrus aurantium | Rutaceae | Fructus Aurantii | Zhiqiao | Orange Fruit | Dried immature fruit |
| Citrus aurantium | Rutaceae | Fructus Aurantii Immaturus* | Zhishi | Immature Orange Fruit | Dried young fruit |
| Citrus grandis | Rutaceae | Exocarpium Citri Grandis* | Huajuhong | Pummelo Peel | Dried exocarp of unripe or almost ripe fruit |
| Citrus grandis "Tomentosa" | Rutaceae | Exocarpium Citri Grandis* | Huajuhong | Pummelo Peel | Dried exocarp of unripe or almost ripe fruit |
| Citrus medica | Rutaceae | Fructus Citri* | Xiangyuan | Citron Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Citrus medica var. sarcodactylis | Rutaceae | Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis | Foshou | Finger Citron | Dried fruit |
| Citrus reticulata and its cultivars | Rutaceae | Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae | Chenpi | Dried Tangerine Peel | Dried pericarp of the ripe fruit |
| Citrus reticulata and its cultivars | Rutaceae | Semen Citri Reticulatae | Juhe | Tangerine Seed | Dried ripe seed |
| Citrus reticulata and its cultivars | Rutaceae | Exocarpium Citri Rubrum | Juhong | Red Tangerine Peel | Dried exocarp |
| Citrus reticulata and its cultivars | Rutaceae | Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride | Qingpi | Green Tangerine Peel | Dried pericarp of the young or immature fruits |
| Citrus sinensis | Rutaceae | Fructus Aurantii Immaturus* | Zhishi | Immature Orange Fruit | Dried young fruit |
| Citrus wilsonii | Rutaceae | Fructus Citri* | Xiangyuan | Citron Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Clematis armandii | Ranunculaceae | Caulis Clematidis Armandii* | Chuanmutong | Armand Clematis Stem | Dried lianoid stem |
| Clematis chinensis | Ranunculaceae | Radix Clematidis* | Weilingxian | Chinese Clematis Root | Dried root and rhizome |
| Clematis hexapetala | Ranunculaceae | Radix Clematidis* | Weilingxian | Chinese Clematis Root | Dried root and rhizome |
| Clematis manshurica | Ranunculaceae | Radix Clematidis* | Weilingxian | Chinese Clematis Root | Dried root and rhizome |
| Clematis montana | Ranunculaceae | Caulis Clematidis Armandii* | Chuanmutong | Armand Clematis Stem | Dried lianoid stem |
| Clinopodium chinensis | Lamiaceae | Herba Clinopodii* | Duanxueliu | Clinopodium Herb | Dried aerial part |
| Clinopodium polycephalum | Lamiaceae | Herba Clinopodii* | Duanxueliu | Clinopodium Herb | Dried aerial part |
| Cnidium monnieri | Apiaceae | Fructus Cnidii | Shechuangzi | Common Cnidium Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Codonopsis pilosula, C. pilosula var. modesta | Campanulaceae | Radix Codonopsis* | Dangshen | Tangshen | Dried root |
| Codonopsis tangshen | Campanulaceae | Radix Codonopsis* | Dangshen | Tangshen | Dried root |
| Coix lacrymajobi var. ma-yuen | Poaceae | Semen Coicis | Yiyiren | Coix Seed | Dried ripe kernel |
| Commelina communis | Commelinaceae | Herba Commelinae | Yazhicao | Common Dayflower Herb | Dried aerial part |
| Coptis chinensis | Ranunculaceae | Rhizoma Coptidis* | Huanglian | Golden Thread | Dried rhizome |
| Coptis deltoidea | Ranunculaceae | Rhizoma Coptidis* | Huanglian | Golden Thread | Dried rhizome |
| Coptis teeta | Ranunculaceae | Rhizoma Coptidis* | Huanglian | Golden Thread | Dried rhizome |
| Cordyceps sinensis | Hypocreaceae | Cordyceps | Dongchongxiacao | Chinese Caterpillar Fungus | Composite consisting of the stroma of the fungus, Cordyceps sinensis parasitised on the larva of some species of insects (Fam. Hepialidae), and the dead caterpillar |
| Cornus officinalis | Cornaceae | Fructus Corni | Shanzhuyu | Asiatic Cornelian Cherry Fruit | Dried ripe sarcocarp |
| Corydalis decumbens | Papaveraceae | Rhizoma Corydalis Decumbentis | Xiatianwu | Decumbent Corydalis Rhizome | Dried tuber |
| Corydalis yanhusuo | Papaveraceae | Rhizoma Corydalis | Yanhusuo | Yanhusuo | Dried tuber |
| Crataegus pinnatifida | Rosaceae | Fructus Crataegi* | Shanzha | Hawthorn Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Crataegus pinnatifida var. major | Rosaceae | Fructus Crataegi* | Shanzha | Hawthorn Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Cremastra appendiculata | Orchidaceae | Pseudobulbus Cremastrae seu Pleiones* | Shancigu | Appendiculate Cremastra Pseudobulb or Common Pleione Pseudobulb | Dried pseudobulb |
| Crocus sativus | Iridaceae | Stigma Croci | Xihonghua | Saffron | Dried stigma |
| Croton tiglium | Euphorbiaceae | Fructus Crotonis | Badou | Croton Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Curculigo orchioides | Amaryllidaceae | Rhizoma Curculiginis | Xianmao | Common Curculigo Rhizome | Dried rhizome |
| Curcuma kwangsiensis | Zingiberaceae | Rhizoma Curcumae* | Ezhu | Zedoray Rhizome | Dried rhizome |
| Curcuma kwangsiensis | Zingiberaceae | Radix Curcumae* | Yujin | Turmeric Root Tuber | Dried root tuber |
| Curcuma longa | Zingiberaceae | Rhizoma Curcumae Longae | Jianghuang | Turmeric | Dried rhizome |
| Curcuma longa | Zingiberaceae | Radix Curcumae* | Yujin | Turmeric Root Tuber | Dried root tuber |
| Curcuma phaeocaulis | Zingiberaceae | Rhizoma Curcumae* | Ezhu | Zedoray Rhizome | Dried rhizome |
| Curcuma phaeocaulis | Zingiberaceae | Radix Curcumae* | Yujin | Turmeric Root Tuber | Dried root tuber |
| Curcuma wenyujin | Zingiberaceae | Rhizoma Wenyujin Concisum | Pianjianghuang | Wenyujin Concise Rhizome | Dried rhizome |
| Curcuma wenyujin | Zingiberaceae | Radix Curcumae* | Yujin | Turmeric Root Tuber | Dried root tuber |
| Curcuma wenyujin | Zingiberaceae | Rhizoma Curcumae* | Ezhu | Zedoray Rhizome | Dried rhizome |
| Cuscuta chinensis | Convolvulaceae | Semen Cuscutae | Tusizi | Dodder Seed | Dried ripe seed |
| Cyathula officinalis | Amaranthaceae | Radix Cyathulae | Chuanniuxi | Medicinal Cyathula Root | Dried root |
| Cynanchum atratum | Asclepiadaceae | Radix Cynanchi Atrati* | Baiwei | Blackend Swallowwort Root | Dried root and rhizome |
| Cynanchum versicolor | Asclepiadaceae | Radix Cynanchi Atrati* | Baiwei | Blackend Swallowwort Root | Dried root and rhizome |
| Cynanchum glaucescens | Asclepiadaceae | Rhizoma Cynanchi Stauntonii* | Baiqian | Willowleaf Swallowwort Rhizome | Dried rhizome and root |
| Cynanchum paniculatum | Asclepiadaceae | Radix Cynanchi Paniculati | Xuchangqing | Paniculate Swallowwort Root | Dried root and rhizome |
| Cynanchum stauntonii | Asclepiadaceae | Rhizoma Cynanchi Stauntonii* | Baiqian | Willowleaf Swallowwort Rhizome | Dried rhizome and root |
| Cynanchum versicolor | Asclepiadaceae | Radix Cynanchi Atrati* | Baiwei | Blackend Swallowwort Root | Dried root and rhizome |
| Cynomorium songaricum | Cynomoriaceae | Herba Cynomorii | Suoyang | Songaria Cynomorium Herb | Dried fleshy stem |
| Cyperus rotundus | Cyperaceae | Rhizoma Cyperi | Xiangfu | Nutgrass Galingale Rhizome | Dried rhizome |
| Daemonorops draco | Arecaceae | Sanguis Draxonis | Xuejie | Dragon's Blood | Prepared resin of the fruit |
| Dalbergia odorifera | Fabaceae | Lignum Dalbergiae Odoriferae | Jiangxiang | Rosewood | Dried heart wood of trunk and root |
| Daphne genkwa | Thymelaeaceae | Flos Genkwa | Yuanhua | Lilac Daphne Flower Bud | Dried flower bud |
| Datura metel | Solanaceae | Flos Daturae | Yangjinhua | Datura Flower | Dried flower |
| Daucus carota | Apiaceae | Fructus Carotae | Nanheshi | Wild Carrot Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Dendrobium candidum | Orchidaceae | Herba Dendrobii* | Shihu | Dendrobium | Fresh or dried stem |
| Dendrobium chrysanthum | Orchidaceae | Herba Dendrobii* | Shihu | Dendrobium | Fresh or dried stem |
| Dendrobium fimbriatum var. oculatum | Orchidaceae | Herba Dendrobii* | Shihu | Dendrobium | Fresh or dried stem |
| Dendrobium loddigesii | Orchidaceae | Herba Dendrobii* | Shihu | Dendrobium | Fresh or dried stem |
| Dendrobium nobile | Orchidaceae | Herba Dendrobii* | Shihu | Dendrobium | Fresh or dried stem |
| Descurainia sophia | Brassicaceae | Semen Descurainiae | Tinglizi* | Tansymustard Seed | Dried ripe seed |
| Desmodium styracifolium | Fabaceae | Herba Desmodii Styracifolii | Guangjinqiancao | Snowbellleaf Tickclover Herb | Dried aerial part |
| Dianthus chinensis | Caryophyllaceae | Herba Dianthi* | Qumai | Lilac Pink Herb | Dried aerial part |
| Dianthus superbus | Caryophyllaceae | Herba Dianthi* | Qumai | Lilac Pink Herb | Dried aerial part |
| Dichroa febrifuga | Saxifragaceae | Radix Dichroae | Changshan | Antifeverile Dichroa Root | Dried root |
| Dictamnus dasycarpus | Rutaceae | Cortex Dictamni | Baixianpi | Densefruit Pittany Root-bark | Dried root bark |
| Dimocarpus longan | Sapindaceae | Arillus Longan | Longyanrou | Longan Aril | Aril |
| Dioscorea futschauensis | Dioscoreaceae | Rhizoma Dioscoreae Septemlobae* | Mianbixie | Sevenlobed Yam Rhizome | Dried rhizome |
| Dioscorea hypoglauca | Dioscoreaceae | Rhizoma Dioscoreae Hypoglaucae | Fenbixie | Hypoglacous Collett Yam Rhizome | Dried rhizome |
| Dioscorea opposita | Dioscoreaceae | Rhizoma Dioscoreae | Shanyao | Common Yam Rhizome | Dried rhizome |
| Dioscorea septemloba | Dioscoreaceae | Rhizoma Dioscoreae Septemlobae* | Mianbixie | Sevenlobed Yam Rhizome | Dried rhizome |
| Diospyros kaki | Ebenaceae | Calyx Kaki | Shidi | Persimmon Calyx | Dried persistent calyx |
| Dipsacus asperoides | Dipsacaceae | Radix Dipsaci | Xuduan | Himalayan Teasel Root | Dried root |
| Dolichos lablab | Fabaceae | Semen Lablab Album | Baibiandou | White Hyacinth Bean | Dried ripe seed |
| Drynaria fortunei | Polypodiaceae | Rhizoma Drynariae | Gusuibu | Fortune's Drynaria Rhizome | Dried rhizome |
| Dryopteris crassirhizoma | Dryopteridaceae | Rhizoma Dryopteris Crassirhizomatis | Mianmaguanzhong | Male Fern Rhizome | Dried rhizome and frond bases |
| Echinops grijisii | Asteraceae | Radix Echinopsis* | Yuzhou loulu | Globethistle Root | Dried root |
| Echinops latifolius | Asteraceae | Radix Echinopsis* | Yuzhou loulu | Globethistle Root | Dried root |
| Ecklonia kurome | Alariaceae | Thallus Eckloniae | Kunbu* | Tangle | Dried thalline |
| Eclipta prostrata | Asteraceae | Herba Ecliptae | Mohanlian | Yerbadetajo Herb | Dried aerial part |
| Ephedra equisetina | Ephedraceae | Herba Ephedrae* | Mahuang | Ephedra | Dried herbaceous stem |
| Ephedra intermedia | Ephedraceae | Herba Ephedrae* | Mahuang | Ephedra | Dried herbaceous stem |
| Ephedra intermedia | Ephedraceae | Radix Ephedrae* | Mahuanggen | Ephedra Root | Dried root and rhizome |
| Ephedra sinica | Ephedraceae | Radix Ephedrae* | Mahuanggen | Ephedra Root | Dried root and rhizome |
| Ephedra sinica | Ephedraceae | Herba Ephedrae* | Mahuang | Ephedra | Dried herbaceous stem |
| Epimedium brevicornum | Berberidaceae | Herba Epimedii* | Yinyanghuo | Epimedium Herb | Dried aerial part |
| Epimedium koreanum | Berberidaceae | Herba Epimedii* | Yinyanghuo | Epimedium Herb | Dried aerial part |
| Epimedium pubescens | Berberidaceae | Herba Epimedii* | Yinyanghuo | Epimedium Herb | Dried aerial part |
| Epimedium sagittatum | Berberidaceae | Herba Epimedii* | Yinyanghuo | Epimedium Herb | Dried aerial part |
| Epimedium wushanense | Berberidaceae | Herba Epimedii* | Yinyanghuo | Epimedium Herb | Dried aerial part |
| Equisetum hiemale | Equisetaceae | Herba Equiseti Hiemalis | Muzei | Common Scouring Rush Herb | Dried aerial part |
| Eriobotrya japonica | Rosaceae | Folium Eriobotryae | Pipaye | Loquat Leaf | Dried leaf |
| Eriocaulon buergerianum | Eriocaulaceae | Flos Eriocauli | Gujingcao | Pipewort Flower | Dried capitulum with peduncle |
| Erodium stephanianum | Geraniaceae | Herba Erodii | Laoguancao* | Common Heron's Bill Herb, Wilford Cranesbill Herb | Dried aerial part |
| Erycibe obtusfolia | Convolvulaceae | Caulis Erycibes* | Dinggongteng | Obtuseleaf Erycibe Stem | Dried lianoid stem |
| Erycibe schmidtii | Convolvulaceae | Caulis Erycibes* | Dinggongteng | Obtuseleaf Erycibe Stem | Dried lianoid stem |
| Eucalyptus globulus et spp. | Myrtaceae | Oleum Eucalypti* | Anyou | Eucalyptus Oil | Volatile oil obtained by steam distillation from the plants |
| Eucommia ulmoides | Eucommiaceae | Cortex Eucommiae | Duzhong | Eucommia Bark | Dried stem bark |
| Eugenia caryophyllata | Myrtaceae | Flos Caryophylli | Dingxiang | Clove | Dried flower bud |
| Eupatorium fortunei | Asteraceae | Herba Eupatorii | Peilan | Fortune Eupatorium Herb | Dried aerial part |
| Euphorbia humifusa | Euphorbiaceae | Herba Euphorbiae Humifusae* | Dijincao | Creeping Euphorbia | Dried herb |
| Euphorbia kansui | Euphorbiaceae | Radix Kansui | Gansui | Gansui Root | Dried tuber root |
| Euphorbia lathyris | Euphorbiaceae | Semen Euphorbiae | Qianjinzi | Caper Euphorbia Seed | Dried ripe seed |
| Euphorbia maculata | Euphorbiaceae | Herba Euphorbiae Humifusae* | Dijincao | Creeping Euphorbia | Dried herb |
| Euphorbia pekinensis | Euphorbiaceae | Radix Euphorbiae Pekinensis | Jingdaji | Peking Euphorbia Root | Dried root |
| Euryale ferox | Nymphaeaceae | Semen Euryales | Qianshi | Gordon Euryale Seed | Dried kernel of ripe seed |
| Evodia rutaecarpa | Rutaceae | Fructus Evodiae* | Wuzhuyu | Medicinal Evodia Fruit | Dried and nearly ripe fruit |
| Evodia rutaecarpa var. bodinieri | Rutaceae | Fructus Evodiae* | Wuzhuyu | Medicinal Evodia Fruit | Dried and nearly ripe fruit |
| Evodia rutaecarpa var. officinalis | Rutaceae | Fructus Evodiae* | Wuzhuyu | Medicinal Evodia Fruit | Dried and nearly ripe fruit |
| Fagopyrum dibotrys | Polygonaceae | Rhizoma Fagopyri Dibotryis | Jinqiaomai | Golden Buckwheat Rhizome | Dried rhizome |
| Ferula fukanensis | Apiaceae | Resina Ferulae* | Awei | Chinese Asafetida | Resin |
| Ferula sinkiangensis | Apiaceae | Resina Ferulae* | Awei | Chinese Asafetida | Resin |
| Foeniculum vulgare | Apiaceae | Fructus Foeniculi | Xiaohuixiang | Fennel | Dried ripe fruit |
| Forsythia suspensa | Oleaceae | Fructus Forsythiae | Lianqiao | Weeping Forsythia Capsule | Dried fruit |
| Fraxinus chinensis | Oleanaceae | Cortex Fraxini* | Qinpi | Ash Bark | Dried branch bark or stem bark |
| Fraxinus rhynchophylla | Oleanaceae | Cortex Fraxini* | Qinpi | Ash Bark | Dried branch bark or stem bark |
| Fraxinus stylosa | Oleanaceae | Cortex Fraxini* | Qinpi | Ash Bark | Dried branch bark or stem bark |
| Fraxinus szaboana | Oleanaceae | Cortex Fraxini* | Qinpi | Ash Bark | Dried branch bark or stem bark |
| Fritillaria cirrhosa | Liliaceae | Bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae* | Chuanbeimu | Tendrilleaf Fritillary Bulb | Dried bulb |
| Fritillaria delavayi | Liliaceae | Bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae* | Chuanbeimu | Tendrilleaf Fritillary Bulb | Dried bulb |
| Fritillaria hupehensis | Liliaceae | Bulbus Fritillariae Hupehensis | Hubeibeimu | Hubei Fritillary Bulb | Dried bulb |
| Fritillaria pallidiflora | Liliaceae | Bulbus Fritillariae Pallidiflorae* | Yibeimu | Sinkiang Fritillary Bulb | Dried bulb |
| Fritillaria przewalskii | Liliaceae | Bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae* | Chuanbeimu | Tendrilleaf Fritillary Bulb | Dried bulb |
| Fritillaria thunbergii | Liliaceae | Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii | Zhebeimu | Thunberg Fritillary Bulb | Dried bulb |
| Fritillaria unibracteata | Liliaceae | Bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae* | Chuanbeimu | Tendrilleaf Fritillary Bulb | Dried bulb |
| Fritillaria ussuriensis | Liliaceae | Bulbus Fritillariae Ussuriensis | Pingbeimu | Ussuri Fritillary Bulb | Dried bulb |
| Fritillaria walujewii | Liliaceae | Bulbus Fritillariae Pallidiflorae* | Yibeimu | Sinkiang Fritillary Bulb | Dried bulb |
| Ganoderma lucidum | Polyporaceae | Ganoderma* | Lingzhi | Ganoderma | Dried sporphore (sic) |
| Ganoderma sinensis | Polyporaceae | Ganoderma* | Lingzhi | Ganoderma | Dried sporphore (sic) |
| Gardenia jasminoides | Rubiaceae | Fructus Gardeniae | Zhizi | Cape Jasmine Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Gastrodia elata | Orchidaceae | Rhizoma Gastrodiae | Tianma | Tall Gastrodia Tuber | Dried tuber |
| Gentiana crassicaulis | Gentianaceae | Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae* | Qinjiao | Largeleaf Gentian Root | Dried root |
| Gentiana dahurica | Gentianaceae | Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae* | Qinjiao | Largeleaf Gentian Root | Dried root |
| Gentiana macrophylla | Gentianaceae | Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae* | Qinjiao | Largeleaf Gentian Root | Dried root |
| Gentiana manshurica | Gentianaceae | Radix Gentianae* | Longdan | Chinese Gentian | Dried root and rhizome |
| Gentiana ringescens | Gentianaceae | Radix Gentianae* | Longdan | Chinese Gentian | Dried root and rhizome |
| Gentiana scabra | Gentianaceae | Radix Gentianae* | Longdan | Chinese Gentian | Dried root and rhizome |
| Gentiana straminea | Gentianaceae | Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae* | Qinjiao | Largeleaf Gentian Root | Dried root |
| Gentiana triflora | Gentianaceae | Radix Gentianae* | Longdan | Chinese Gentian | Dried root and rhizome |
| Geranium carolinianum | Geraniaceae | Herba Geranii* | Laoguancao* | Common Heron's Bill Herb, Wilford Cranesbill Herb | Dried aerial part |
| Geranium wilfordii | Geraniaceae | Herba Geranii* | Laoguancao* | Common Heron's Bill Herb, Wilford Cranesbill Herb | Dried aerial part |
| Ginkgo biloba | Ginkgoaceae | Semen Ginkgo | Baiguo | Ginkgo Seed | Dried ripe seed |
| Ginkgo biloba | Ginkgoaceae | Folium Ginkgo | Yinxingye | Ginkgo Leaf | Dried leaf |
| Glechoma longituba | Lamiaceae | Herba Glecomae | Lianqiancao | Longtube Ground Ivy Herb | Dried aerial part |
| Gleditsia sinensis | Fabaceae | Spina Gleditsiae | Zaojiaoci | Chinese Honeylocust Spine | Dried spine |
| Gleditsia sinensis | Fabaceae | Fructus Gleditsiae Abnormalis | Zhuyazao | Chinese Honeylocust Abnormal Fruit | Dried sterile fruit |
| Glehnia littoralis | Apiaceae | Radix Glehniae | Beishashen | Coastal Glehnia Root | Dried root |
| Glycine max | Fabaceae | Semen Sojae Preparatum | Dandouchi | Fermented Soybean | Fermented preparation obtained from the ripe seed |
| Glycyrrhiza glabra | Fabaceae | Radix Glycyrrhizae* | Gancao | Liquorice Root | Dried root and rhizome |
| Glycyrrhiza inflata | Fabaceae | Radix Glycyrrhizae* | Gancao | Liquorice Root | Dried root and rhizome |
| Glycyrrhiza uralensis | Fabaceae | Radix Glycyrrhizae* | Gancao | Liquorice Root | Dried root and rhizome |
| Hedysarum polybotrys | Fabaceae | Radix Hedysari | Hongqi | Manyinflorescenced Sweetvetch Root | Dried root |
| Helwingia japonica | Cornaceae | Medulla Helwingiae | Xiaotongcao* | Stachyurus or Japanese Helwingia Pith | Dried stem pith |
| Hippophae rhamnoides | Elaeagnaceae | Fructus Hippophae | Shaji | Seabuckthorn Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Homalomena occulta | Araceae | Rhizoma Homalomenae | Qiannianjian | Obscured Homalomena Rhizome | Dried rhizome |
| Hordeum vulgare | Poaceae | Fructus Hordei Germinatus | Maiya | Germinated Barley | Dried germinated ripe fruit |
| Houttuynia cordata | Saururaceae | Herba Houttuyniae | Yuxingcao | Heartleaf Houttuynia Herb | Dried aerial part |
| Hyoscyamus niger | Solanaceae | Semen Hyoscyami | Tianxianzi | Henbane Seed | Dried ripe seed |
| Ilex cornuta | Aquifoliaceae | Folium Ilicis Cornutae | Gouguye | Chinese Holly Leaf | Dried leaf |
| Illicium defengpi | Magnoliaceae | Cortex Illicii | Difengpi | Difengpi Bark | Dried stem bark |
| Illicium verum | Magnoliaceae | Oleum Anisi Stellati | Bajiao Huixiangyou | Anise Oil | Volatile oil obtained by steam distillation from the fresh branch and leaf or the ripe fruit |
| Impatiens balsamina | Balsaminaceae | Semen Impatientis | Jixingzi | Garden Balsam Seed | Dried ripe seed |
| Imperata cylindrica var. major | Poaceae | Rhizoma Imperatae | Baimaogen | Lalang Grass Rhizome | Dried rhizome |
| Inula britannica | Asteraceae | Flos Inulae* | Xuanfuhua | Inula flower | Dried capitulum |
| Inula helenium | Asteraceae | Radix Inulae* | Tumuxiang | Inula Root | Dried root |
| Inula japonica | Asteraceae | Flos Inulae* | Xuanfuhua | Inula flower | Dried capitulum |
| Inula japonica | Asteraceae | Herba Inulae* | Jinfeicao | Inula Herb | Dried aerial part |
| Inula linariifolia | Asteraceae | Herba Inulae* | Jinfeicao | Inula Herb | Dried aerial part |
| Inula racemosa | Asteraceae | Radix Inulae* | Tumuxiang | Inula Root | Dried root |
| Isatis indigotica | Brassicaceae | Indigo Naturalis* | Qingdai | Natural Indigo | Dried powder or mass prepared from the leaf or the stem and leaf |
| Isatis indigotica | Brassicaceae | Radix Isatidis | Banlangen | Isatis Root | Dried root |
| Isatis indigotica | Brassicaceae | Folium Isatidis | Daqingye | Dyers Woad Leaf | Dried leaf |
| Juglans regia | Juglandaceae | Semen Juglandis | Hetaoren | English Walnut Seed | Dried ripe seed |
| Juncus effusus | Juncaceae | Medulla Junci | Dengxincao | Common Rush | Dried stem pith |
| Kaempferia galanga | Zingiberaceae | Rhizoma Kaempferiae | Shannai | Galanga Resurrectionlily Rhizome | Dried rhizome |
| Knoxia valerianoides | Rubiaceae | Radix Knoxiae | Hongdaji | Knoxia Root | Dried root |
| Kochia scoparia | Chenopodiaceae | Fructus Kochiae | Difuzi | Belvedere Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Laminaria japonica | Laminariaceae | Thallus Laminariae | Kunbu* | Kelp | Dried thalline |
| Lasiosphaera fenzlii | Lycoperdaceae | Lasiosphaera seu Calvatia* | Mabo | Puff-ball | Dried sporophore |
| Leonurus japonicus | Lamiaceae | Fructus Leonuri | Chongweizi | Motherwort Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Leonurus japonicus | Lamiaceae | Herba Leonuri | Yimucao | Motherwort Herb | Dried aerial part |
| Lepidium apetalum | Brassicaceae | Semen Lepidii | Tinglizi* | Pepperweed Seed | Dried ripe seed |
| Ligusticum chuanxiong | Apiaceae | Rhizoma Chuanxiong | Chuanxiong | Szechwan Lovage Rhizome | Dried rhizome |
| Ligusticum jeholense | Apiaceae | Rhizoma Ligustici* | Gaoben | Chinese Lovage | Dried rhizome and root |
| Ligusticum sinense | Apiaceae | Rhizoma Ligustici* | Gaoben | Chinese Lovage | Dried rhizome and root |
| Ligustrum lucidum | Oleaceae | Fructus Ligustri Lucidi | Nüzhenzi | Glossy Privet Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Lilium brownii var. viridulum | Liliaceae | Bulbus Lilii* | Baihe | Lily Bulb | Dried fleshy scale leaf |
| Lilium lancifolium | Liliaceae | Bulbus Lilii* | Baihe | Lily Bulb | Dried fleshy scale leaf |
| Lilium pumilum | Liliaceae | Bulbus Lilii* | Baihe | Lily Bulb | Dried fleshy scale leaf |
| Lindera aggregata | Lauraceae | Radix Linderae | Wuyao | Combined Spicebush Root | Dried root tuber |
| Lindera communis | Lauraceae | Oleum Linderae | Xiangguozhi | Spiceleaf Kernl Oil | Solid fat obtained by sqeezing from the ripe kernel, or be hydrogenation and purification of the fat obtained by squeezing from the ripe seed |
| Linum usitatissimum | Linaceae | Semen Lini | Yamazi | Linseed | Dried ripe seed |
| Liquidambar formosana | Hamaelidaceae | Resina Liquidambaris | Fengxianzhi | Beautiful Sweetgum Resin | Dried resin |
| Liquidambar formosana | Hamaelidaceae | Fructus Liquidambaris | Lulutong | Beautiful Sweetgum Fruit | Dried ripe infructescences |
| Liquidambar orientalis | Hamaelidaceae | Styrax | Suhexiang | Storax | Purified balsam obtained from the trunk |
| Liriope muscari | Liliaceae | Radix Liriopes* | Shanmaidong | Liriope Root Tuber | Dried root tuber |
| Liriope spicata var. prolifera | Liliaceae | Radix Liriopes* | Shanmaidong | Liriope Root Tuber | Dried root tuber |
| Litchi chinensis | Sapindaceae | Semen Litchi | Lizhihe | Lychee Seed | Dried ripe seed |
| Lithospermum erythrorhizon | Boraginaceae | Radix Lithospermi | Zicao* | Gromwell Root | Dried root |
| Litsea cubeba | Lauraceae | Fructus Litseae | Bichengqie | Mountain Spicy Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Lonicera confusa | Caprifoliaceae | Flos Lonicerae* | Jinyinhua | Honeysuckle Flower | Dried flower bud or opening flower |
| Lonicera dasystyla | Caprifoliaceae | Flos Lonicerae* | Jinyinhua | Honeysuckle Flower | Dried flower bud or opening flower |
| Lonicera hypoglauca | Caprifoliaceae | Flos Lonicerae* | Jinyinhua | Honeysuckle Flower | Dried flower bud or opening flower |
| Lonicera japonica | Caprifoliaceae | Flos Lonicerae* | Jinyinhua | Honeysuckle Flower | Dried flower bud or opening flower |
| Lonicera japonica | Caprifoliaceae | Caulis Lonicerae | Rendongteng | Honeysuckle Stem | Dried stem and branch |
| Lophatherum gracile | Poaceae | Herba Lophatheri | Danzhuye | Lophatherum Herb | Dried stem and leaf |
| Luffa cylindrica | Cucurbitaceae | Retinervus Luffae Fructus | Sigualuo | Luffa Vegetable Sponge | Dried vascular bundles of ripe fruit |
| Lycium barbarum | Solanaceae | Cortex Lycii* | Digupi | Chinese Wolfberry Root-bark | Dried root bark |
| Lycium barbarum | Solanaceae | Fructus Lycii | Gouqizi | Barbary Wolfberry Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Lycium chinense | Solanaceae | Cortex Lycii* | Digupi | Chinese Wolfberry Root-bark | Dried root bark |
| Lycopodium japonicum | Lycopodiaceae | Herba Lycopodii | Shenjincao | Common Clubmoss Herb | Dried herb |
| Lycopus lucidus var. hirtus | Lamiaceae | Herba Lycopi | Zelan | Hirsute Shiny Bugleweed Herb | Dried aerial part |
| Lygodium japonicum | Lygodiaceae | Spora Lygodii | Haijinsha | Japanese Climbing Fern Spore | Dried ripe spores |
| Lysimachia christinae | Primulaceae | Herba Lysimachiae | Jinqiancao | Christina Loosestrife | Dried herb |
| Magnolia biondii | Magnoliaceae | Flos Magnoliae* | Xinyi | Biond Magnolia Flower | Dried flower bud |
| Magnolia denudata | Magnoliaceae | Flos Magnoliae* | Xinyi | Biond Magnolia Flower | Dried flower bud |
| Magnolia officinalis | Magnoliaceae | Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis* | Houpo | Officinal Magnolia Bark | Dried stem bark, root bark and branch bark |
| Magnolia officinalis | Magnoliaceae | Flos Magnoliae Officinalis* | Houpohua | Officinal Magnolia Flower | Dried flower bud |
| Magnolia officinalis var. biloba | Magnoliaceae | Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis* | Houpo | Officinal Magnolia Bark | Dried stem bark, root bark and branch bark |
| Magnolia officinalis var. biloba | Magnoliaceae | Flos Magnoliae Officinalis* | Houpohua | Officinal Magnolia Flower | Dried flower bud |
| Magnolia sprengeri | Magnoliaceae | Flos Magnoliae* | Xinyi | Biond Magnolia Flower | Dried flower bud |
| Mahonia bealei | Berberidaceae | Caulis Mahoniae* | Gonglaomu | Chinese Mahonia Stem | Dried stem |
| Mahonia fortunei | Berberidaceae | Caulis Mahoniae* | Gonglaomu | Chinese Mahonia Stem | Dried stem |
| Malva verticillata | Malvaceae | Fructus Malvae | Dongkuiguo | Cluster Mallow Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Melia azedarach | Meliaceae | Cortex Meliae* | Kulianpi | Szechwan Chinaberry Bark | Dried stem bark or root bark |
| Melia toosendan | Meliaceae | Cortex Meliae* | Kulianpi | Szechwan Chinaberry Bark | Dried stem bark or root bark |
| Melia toosendan | Meliaceae | Fructus Toosendan | Chuanlianzi | Szechwan Chinaberry Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Menispermum dauricum | Menispermaceae | Rhizoma Menispermi | Beidougen | Asiatic Moonseed Rhizome | Dried rhizome |
| Mentha haplocalyx | Lamiaceae | Herba Menthae | Bohe | Peppermint | Dried aerial part |
| Mentha haplocalyx | Lamiaceae | Oleum Menthae Dementholatum | Bohesuyou | Peppermint Oil | Volatile oil obtained by steam distillation from the fresh stem and leaf (and removed partly from menthol) |
| Momordica cochinchinensis | Cucurbitaceae | Semen Momordicae | Mubiezi | Cochinchina Momordica Seed | Dried ripe seed |
| Momordica grosvenori | Cucurbitaceae | Fructus Momordicae | Luohanguo | Grosvenor Momordica Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Morinda officinalis | Rubiaceae | Radix Morindae Officinalis | Bajitian | Morinda Root | Dried root |
| Morus alba | Moraceae | Cortex Mori | Sangbaipi | White Mulberry Root-bark | Dried root bark |
| Morus alba | Moraceae | Fructus Mori | Sangshen | Mulberry Fruit | Dried fruit-spike |
| Morus alba | Moraceae | Folium Mori | Sangye | Mulberry Leaf | Dried leaf |
| Morus alba | Moraceae | Ramulus Mori | Sangzhi | Mulberry Twig | Dried young branch |
| Mosla chinensis | Lamiaceae | Herba Moslae | Xiangru | Chinese Mosla | Dried aerial part |
| Murraya exotica | Rutaceae | Folium et Cacumen Murrayae* | Jiulixiang | Murraya Jasminorage | Dried leaf and young foliferous branch |
| Murraya paniculata | Rutaceae | Folium et Cacumen Murrayae* | Jiulixiang | Murraya Jasminorage | Dried leaf and young foliferous branch |
| Myristica fragrans | Myristicaceae | Semen Myristicae | Roudoukou | Nutmeg | Dried kernel |
| Nardostachys chinensis | Valerianaceae | Radix seu Rhizoma Nardostachyos* | Gansong | Nardostachys Root | Dried root and rhizome |
| Nardostachys jatamansi | Valerianaceae | Radix seu Rhizoma Nardostachyos* | Gansong | Nardostachys Root | Dried root and rhizome |
| Nelumbo nucifera | Nymphaeaceae | Folium Nelumbinis | Heye | Lotus Leaf | Dried leaf |
| Nelumbo nucifera | Nymphaeaceae | Receptaculum Nelumbinis | Lianfang | Lotus Receptacle | Dried receptacle |
| Nelumbo nucifera | Nymphaeaceae | Stamen Nelumbinis | Lianxu | Lotus Stamen | Dried stamen |
| Nelumbo nucifera | Nymphaeaceae | Semen Nelumbinis | Lianzi | Lotus Seed | Dried ripe seed |
| Nelumbo nucifera | Nymphaeaceae | Plumula Nelumbinis | Lianzixin | Lotus Plumule | Dried young cotyledon and radicle of the ripe seed |
| Nelumbo nucifera | Nymphaeaceae | Nodus Nelumbinis Rhizomatis | Oujie | Lotus Rhizome Node | Dried node |
| Nigella glandulifera | Ranunculaceae | Semen Nigellae | Heizhongcaozi | Fennelflower Seed | Dried seed |
| Notopterygium forbesii | Apiaceae | Rhizoma et Radix Notopterygii* | Qianghuo | Incised Notopterygium Rhizome or Root | Dried rhizome and root |
| Notopterygium incisum | Apiaceae | Rhizoma et Radix Notopterygii* | Qianghuo | Incised Notopterygium Rhizome or Root | Dried rhizome and root |
| Ocimum gratissimum | Lamiaceae | Oleum Ocimi Gratissimi | Dingxiang Luoleyou | Ocimum Oil | Volatile oil obtained by steam distillation from the herb |
| Omphalia lapidescens | Polyporaceae | Omphalia | Leiwan | Thunder Ball | Dried sclerotium |
| Ophiopogon japonicus | Liliaceae | Radix Ophiopogonis | Maidong | Dwarf Lilyturf Tuber | Dried root tuber |
| Oroxylum indicum | Bignoniaceae | Semen Oroxyli | Muhudie | Indian Trumpetflower Seed | Dried ripe seed |
| Oryza sativa | Poaceae | Fructus Oryzae Germinatus | Daoya | Rice-grain Sprout | Dried germinated ripe fruit |
| Paeonia lactiflora | Ranunculaceae | Radix Paeoniae Rubra* | Chishao | Red Peony Root | Dried root |
| Paeonia suffruticosa | Ranunculaceae | Cortex Moutan | Mudanpi | Tree Paeony Bark | Dried root bark |
| Paeonia veitchii | Ranunculaceae | Radix Paeoniae Rubra* | Chishao | Red Peony Root | Dried root |
| Panax ginseng | Araliaceae | Radix Ginseng | Renshen | Ginseng | Dried root |
| Panax ginseng | Araliaceae | Folium Ginseng | Renshenye | Ginseng Leaf | Dried leaf |
| Panax japonicus | Araliaceae | Rhizoma Panacis Japonici | Zhujieshen | Japanese Ginseng | Dried rhizome |
| Panax japonicus var. bipinnatifidus | Araliaceae | Rhizoma Panacis Majoris* | Zhuzishen | Largeleaf Japanese Ginseng Rhizome | Dried rhizome |
| Panax japonicus var. major | Araliaceae | Rhizoma Panacis Majoris* | Zhuzishen | Largeleaf Japanese Ginseng Rhizome | Dried rhizome |
| Panax notoginseng | Araliaceae | Radix Notoginseng | Sanqi | Sanchi | Dried root |
| Panax quinquefolium | Araliaceae | Radix Panacis Quinquefolii | Xiyangshen | American Ginseng | Dried root |
| Papaver somniferum | Papaveraceae | Pericarpium Papaveris | Yingsuqiao | Poppy Capsule | Dried pericarp of ripe fruit |
| Paris polyphylla var. chinensis | Liliaceae | Rhizoma Paridis* | Chonglou | Paris Root | Dried rhizome |
| Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis | Liliaceae | Rhizoma Paridis* | Chonglou | Paris Root | Dried rhizome |
| Perilla frutescens | Lamiaceae | Caulis Perillae | Zisugeng | Perilla Stem | Dried stem |
| Perilla frutescens | Lamiaceae | Folium Perillae | Zisuye | Perilla Leaf | Dried leaf (or bearing young branch) |
| Perilla frutescens | Lamiaceae | Fructus Perillae | Zisuzi | Perilla Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Periploca sepium | Asclepiadaceae | Cortex Periplocae | Xiangjiapi | Chinese Silkvine Root-bark | Dried root bark |
| Peucedanum decursivum | Apiaceae | Radix Peucedani* | Qianhu | Hogfennel Root | Dried root |
| Peucedanum praeruptorum | Apiaceae | Radix Peucedani* | Qianhu | Hogfennel Root | Dried root |
| Pharbitis nil | Convolvulaceae | Semen Pharbitidis* | Qianniuzi | Pharbitis Seed | Dried ripe seed |
| Pharbitis pupurea | Convolvulaceae | Semen Pharbitidis* | Qianniuzi | Pharbitis Seed | Dried ripe seed |
| Phaseolus angularis | Fabaceae | Semen Phaseoli* | Chixiaodou | Rice Bean | Dried ripe seed |
| Phaseolus calcaratus | Fabaceae | Semen Phaseoli* | Chixiaodou | Rice Bean | Dried ripe seed |
| Phellodendron amurense | Rutaceae | Cortex Phellodendri* | Huangbo | Amur Cork-tree | Dried bark |
| Phellodendron chinensis | Rutaceae | Cortex Phellodendri* | Huangbo | Amur Cork-tree | Dried bark |
| Phragmitis communis | Poaceae | Rhizoma Phragmitis | Lugen | Reed Rhizome | Fresh or dried rhizome |
| Phyllanthus emblica | Euphorbiaceae | Fructus Phyllanthi | Yuganzi | Emblic Leafflower Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Phyllostachys nigra var. henonis | Poaceae | Caulis Bambusae in Taeniam* | Zhuru | Bamboo Shavings | Dried middle shavings of stem |
| Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii | Solanaceae | Calyx seu Fructus Physalis | Jindenglong | Franchet Groundcherry Fruit | Dried persistent calyx or the persistent calyx with fruit |
| Physochlaina infundibularis | Solanaceae | Radix Physochlainae | Huashanshen | Funneled Physochlaina Root | Dried root |
| Phytolacca acinosa | Phytolaccaceae | Radix Phytolaccae* | Shanglu | Pokeberry Root | Dried root |
| Phytolacca americana | Phytolaccaceae | Radix Phytolaccae* | Shanglu | Pokeberry Root | Dried root |
| Picrasma quassioides | Simarubaceae | Ramulus et Folium Picrasmae | Kumu | Indian Quassiawood | Dried branch and leaf |
| Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora | Scrophulariaceae | Rhizoma Pircrorhizae | Huhuanglian | Figwortflower Picrorhiza Rhizome | Dried rhizome |
| Pinellia ternata | Araceae | Rhizoma Pinelliae | Banxia | Pinellia Tuber | Dried tuber |
| Pinus massoniana et spp. | Pinaceae | Pollen Pini* | Songhuafen | Pine Pollen | Dried pollen |
| Pinus spp. | Pinaceae | Oleum Terebinthinae | Songjieyou | Turpentine Oil | Volatile oil obtained by distilling and extrating from the oleoresin of several species of Pinus |
| Pinus tabulaeformis et spp. | Pinaceae | Pollen Pini* | Songhuafen | Pine Pollen | Dried pollen |
| Piper kadsura | Piperaceae | Caulis Piperis Kadsurae | Haifengteng | Kadsura Pepper Stem | Dried stem |
| Piper longum | Piperaceae | Fructus Piperis Longi | Bibo | Long Pepper | Dried and nearly ripe or ripe fruit |
| Piper nigrum | Piperaceae | Fructus Piperis | Hujiao | Pepper Fruit | Dried and nearly ripe or ripe fruit |
| Plantago asiatica | Plantaginaceae | Herba Plantaginis* | Cheqiancao | Plantain Herb | Dried herb |
| Plantago asiatica | Plantaginaceae | Semen Plantaginis* | Cheqianzi | Plantain Seed | Dried ripe seed |
| Plantago depressa | Plantaginaceae | Herba Plantaginis* | Cheqiancao | Plantain Herb | Dried herb |
| Plantago depressa | Plantaginaceae | Semen Plantaginis* | Cheqianzi | Plantain Seed | Dried ripe seed |
| Platycladus orientalis | Cupressaceae | Semen Platycladi | Baiziren | Chinese Arborvitae Kernel | Dried ripe kernel |
| Platycladus orientalis | Cupressaceae | Cacumen Platycladi | Cebaiye | Chinese Arborvitae Twig and Leaf | Dried twig and leaf |
| Platycodon grandiflorum | Campanulaceae | Radix Platycodonis | Jiegeng | Platycodon Root | Dried root |
| Pleione bulbocodioides | Orchidaceae | Pseudobulbus Cremastrae seu Pleiones* | Shancigu | Appendiculate Cremastra Pseudobulb or Common Pleione Pseudobulb | Dried pseudobulb |
| Pleione yunnanensis | Orchidaceae | Pseudobulbus Cremastrae seu Pleiones* | Shancigu | Appendiculate Cremastra Pseudobulb or Common Pleione Pseudobulb | Dried pseudobulb |
| Pogostemon cablin | Lamiaceae | Herba Pogostemonis | Guanghuoxiang | Cablin Patchouli Herb | Dried aerial part |
| Polygala sibirica | Polygalaceae | Radix Polygalae* | Yuanzhi | Thinleaf Milkwort Root | Dried root |
| Polygala tenuifolia | Polygalaceae | Radix Polygalae* | Yuanzhi | Thinleaf Milkwort Root | Dried root |
| Polygonatum cyrtonema | Liliaceae | Rhizoma Polygonati* | Huangjing | Solomonseal Rhizome | Dried rhizome |
| Polygonatum kingianum | Liliaceae | Rhizoma Polygonati* | Huangjing | Solomonseal Rhizome | Dried rhizome |
| Polygonatum odoratum | Liliaceae | Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati | Yuzhu | Fragrant Solomonseal Rhizome | Dried rhizome |
| Polygonatum sibiricum | Liliaceae | Rhizoma Polygonati* | Huangjing | Solomonseal Rhizome | Dried rhizome |
| Polygonum aviculare | Polygonaceae | Herba Polygoni Avicularis | Bianxu | Common Knotgrass Herb | Dried aerial part |
| Polygonum bistorta | Polygonaceae | Rhizoma Polygoni Bistortae | Quanshen | Bistort Rhizome | Dried rhizome |
| Polygonum cuspidatum | Polygonaceae | Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati | Huzhang | Giant Knotweed Rhizome | Dried rhizome and root |
| Polygonum multiflorum | Polygonaceae | Radix Polygoni Multiflori | Heshouwu | Fleeceflower Root | Dried root tuber |
| Polygonum multiflorum | Polygonaceae | Caulis Polygoni Multiflori | Shouwuteng | Tuber Fleeceflower Stem | Dried lianoid stem |
| Polygonum orientale | Polygonaceae | Fructus Polygoni Orientalis | Shuihonghuazi | Prince's-feather Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Polygonum tinctorium | Polygonaceae | Indigo Naturalis* | Qingdai | Natural Indigo | Dried powder or mass prepared from the leaf or the stem and leaf |
| Polygonum tinctorium | Polygonaceae | Folium Polygoni Tinctorii | Liaodaqingye | Indigoplant Leaf | Dried leaf |
| Polyporus umbellatus | Polyporaceae | Polyporus | Zhuling | Chuling | Dried sclerotium |
| Poria cocos | Polyporaceae | Poria | Fuling | Indian Bread | Dried sclerotium |
| Portulaca oleracea | Portulacaceae | Herba Portulacae | Machixian | Purslane Herb | Dried aerial part |
| Potentilla chinensis | Rosaceae | Herba Potentillae Chinensis | Weilingcai | Chinese Cinquefoil | Dried herb |
| Prinsepia uniflora, P. uniflora var. serrata | Rosaceae | Nux Prinsepiae | Ruiren | Hedge Prinsepia Nut | Dried ripe kernel |
| Prunella vulgaris | Lamiaceae | Spica Prunellae | Xiakucao | Common Selfheal Fruit-Spike | Dried fruit-spike |
| Prunus armeniaca | Rosaceae | Semen Armeniacae Amarum* | Kuxingren | Bitter Apricot Seed | Dried ripe seed |
| Prunus armeniaca mandshurica | Rosaceae | Semen Armeniacae Amarum* | Kuxingren | Bitter Apricot Seed | Dried ripe seed |
| Prunus armeniaca sibirica | Rosaceae | Semen Armeniacae Amarum* | Kuxingren | Bitter Apricot Seed | Dried ripe seed |
| Prunus armeniaca var. ansu | Rosaceae | Semen Armeniacae Amarum* | Kuxingren | Bitter Apricot Seed | Dried ripe seed |
| Prunus davidiana | Rosaceae | Semen Persicae* | Taoren | Peach Seed | Dried ripe seed |
| Prunus humilis | Rosaceae | Semen Pruni* | Yuliren | Chinese Dwarf Cherry Seed | Dried ripe seed |
| Prunus japonica | Rosaceae | Semen Pruni* | Yuliren | Chinese Dwarf Cherry Seed | Dried ripe seed |
| Prunus mume | Rosaceae | Flos Mume | Meihua | Plum Flower | Dried flower bud |
| Prunus mume | Rosaceae | Fructus Mume | Wumei | Smoked Plum | Almost ripe and dried fruit (baked) |
| Prunus pedunculata | Rosaceae | Semen Pruni* | Yuliren | Chinese Dwarf Cherry Seed | Dried ripe seed |
| Prunus persica | Rosaceae | Semen Persicae* | Taoren | Peach Seed | Dried ripe seed |
| Pseudolarix kaempferi | Pinaceae | Cortex Pseudolaricis | Tujingpi | Golden Larch Bark | Dried root bark or stem bark near the root |
| Pseudostellaria heterophylla | Caryophyllaceae | Radix Pseudostellariae | Taizishen | Heterophylly Falsestarwort Root | Dried root tuber |
| Psoralea corylifolia | Fabaceae | Fructus Psoraleae | Buguzhi | Malaytea Scurfpea Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Pueraria lobata | Fabaceae | Radix Puerariae* | Gegen | Kudzuvine Root | Dried root |
| Pueraria thomsonii | Fabaceae | Radix Puerariae* | Gegen | Kudzuvine Root | Dried root |
| Pulsatilla chinensis | Ranunculaceae | Radix Pulsatillae | Baitouweng | Chinese Pulsatilla Root | Dried root |
| Punica granatum | Punicacee | Pericarpium Granati | Shiliupi | Pomegranate Rind | Dried pericarp of the ripe fruit |
| Pyrola calliantha | Pyrolaceae | Herba Pyrolae* | Luxiancao | Pyrola Herb | Dried herb |
| Pyrola decorata | Pyrolaceae | Herba Pyrolae* | Luxiancao | Pyrola Herb | Dried herb |
| Pyrrosia lingua | Polypodiaceae | Folium Pyrrosiae* | Shiwei | Shearer's Pyrrosia Leaf | Dried leaf |
| Pyrrosia petiolosa | Polypodiaceae | Folium Pyrrosiae* | Shiwei | Shearer's Pyrrosia Leaf | Dried leaf |
| Pyrrosia sheareri | Polypodiaceae | Folium Pyrrosiae* | Shiwei | Shearer's Pyrrosia Leaf | Dried leaf |
| Quisqualis indica | Combretaceae | Fructus Quisqualis | Shijunzi | Rangooncreeper Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Ranunculus ternatus | Ranunculaceae | Radix Ranunculi Ternati | Maozhaocao | Catclaw Buttercup Root | Dried root tuber |
| Raphanus sativus | Brassicaceae | Semen Raphani | Laifuzi | Radish Seed | Dried ripe seed |
| Rehmannia glutinosa | Scrophulariaceae | Radix Rehmanniae | Dihuang | Rehmannia Root | Fresh or dried root tuber |
| Rhaponticum uniflorum | Asteraceae | Radix Rhapontici | Loulu | Uniflower Swisscentaury Root | Dried root |
| Rheum officinale | Polygonaceae | Radix et Rhizoma Rhei* | Dahuang | Rhubarb | Dried root and rhizome |
| Rheum palmatum | Polygonaceae | Radix et Rhizoma Rhei* | Dahuang | Rhubarb | Dried root and rhizome |
| Rheum tanguticum | Polygonaceae | Radix et Rhizoma Rhei* | Dahuang | Rhubarb | Dried root and rhizome |
| Rhododendron dauricum | Ericaceae | Folium Rhododendri Daurici | Manshanhong | Dahurian Rhododendron Leaf | Dried leaf |
| Rhododendron dauricum | Ericaceae | Oleum Rhododendri Daurici | Manshanhongyou | Daurian Rhododendron Oil | Volatile oil obtained by steam distillation from the dried leaf |
| Rhododendron molle | Ericaceae | Flos Rhododendri Mollis | Naoyanghua | Yellow Azalea Flower | Dried flower |
| Rhus chinensis | Anacardiaceae | Galla Chinensis* | Wubeizi | Chinese Gall | Gall produced mainly by parasitic aphids of Melaphis chinensis on the leaf |
| Rhus potaninii | Anacardiaceae | Galla Chinensis* | Wubeizi | Chinese Gall | Gall produced mainly by parasitic aphids of Melaphis chinensis on the leaf |
| Rhus punjabensis var. sinica | Anacardiaceae | Galla Chinensis* | Wubeizi | Chinese Gall | Gall produced mainly by parasitic aphids of Melaphis chinensis on the leaf |
| Ricinus communis | Euphorbiaceae | Oleum Ricini | Bimayou | Castor Oil | Fatty oil obtained by squeezing and putification from the ripe seed |
| Ricinus communis | Euphorbiaceae | Semen Ricini | Bimazi | Castor Seed | Dried ripe seed |
| Rosa chinensis | Rosaceae | Flos Rosae Chinensis | Yuejihua | Chinese Rose Flower | Dried flower |
| Rosa laevigata | Rosaceae | Fructus Rosae Laevigatae | Jinyingzi | Cherokee Rose Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Rosa rugosa | Rosaceae | Flos Rosae Rugosae | Meiguihua | Rose Flower | Dried flower bud |
| Rubia cordifolia | Rubiaceae | Radix Rubiae | Qiancao | Indian Madder Root | Dried root and rhizome |
| Rubus chingii | Rosaceae | Fructus Rubi | Fupenzi | Palmleaf Raspberry Fruit | Dried fruit |
| Salvia miltiorrhiza | Lamiaceae | Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae | Danshen | Danshen Root | Dried root and rhizome |
| Sanguisorba officinalis, S. officinalis var. longifolia | Rosaceae | Radix Sanguisorbae | Diyu | Garden Burnet Root | Dried root |
| Santalum album | Santalaceae | Lignum Santali Albi | Tanxiang | Sandalwood | Dried heart wood of trunk |
| Saposhnikovia divaricata | Apiaceae | Radix Saposhnikoviae | Fangfeng | Divaricate Saposhnikovia Root | Dried root |
| Sarcandra glabra | Chloranthaceae | Herba Sarcandrae | Zhongjiefeng | Glabrous Sarcandra Herb | Dried herb |
| Sargassum fusiforme | Sargassaceae | Sargassum* | Haizao | Seaweed | Dried alga |
| Sargassum pallidum | Sargassaceae | Sargassum* | Haizao | Seaweed | Dried alga |
| Sargentodoxa cuneata | Lardizabalaceae | Caulis Sargentodoxae | Daxueteng | Sargentgloryvine Stem | Dried lianoid stem |
| Saururus chinensis | Saururaceae | Herba seu Rhizoma Saururi | Sanbaicao | Chinese Lizardtail Herb or Rhizome | Dried herb or rhizome |
| Schisandra chinensis | Magnoliaceae | Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis | Wuweizi | Chinese Magnoliavine Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Schisandra sphenanthera | Magnoliaceae | Fructus Schisandrae Sphenantherae | Nanwuweizi | Southern Magnoliavine Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Schizonepeta tenuifolia | Lamiaceae | Herba Schizonepetae | Jingjie | Fineleaf Schizonepeta Herb | Dried aerial part |
| Schizostachyum chinense | Poaceae | Concretio Silicea Bambusae* | Tianzhuhuang | Tabasheer | Dried masses of secretion in stem |
| Scrophularia ningpoensis | Scrophulariaceae | Radix Scrophulariae | Xuanshen | Figwort Root | Dried root |
| Scutellaria baicalensis | Lamiaceae | Radix Scutellariae | Huangqin | Baical Skullcap Root | Dried root |
| Scutellaria barbata | Lamiaceae | Herba Scutellariae Barbatae | Banzhilian | Barbated Skullcap Herb | Dried herb |
| Sedum sarmentosum | Crassulaceae | Herba Sedi | Chuipencao | Stringy Stonecrop Herb | Fresh or dried herb |
| Selaginella pulvinata | Selaginellaceae | Herba Selaginellaceae* | Juanbai | Spikemoss | Dried herb |
| Selaginella tamariscina | Selaginellaceae | Herba Selaginellaceae* | Juanbai | Spikemoss | Dried herb |
| Semiaquilegia adoxoides | Ranunculaceae | Radix Semiaquilegiae | Tiankuizi | Muskroot-like Semiaquilegia Root | Dried root tuber |
| Sesamum indicum | Pedaliaceae | Semen Sesami Nigrum | Heizhima | Black Sesame | Dried ripe seed |
| Sesamum indicum | Pedaliaceae | Oleum Sesami | Mayou | Sesame Oil | Fatty oil obtained by squeezing from the ripe seed |
| Setaria italica | Poaceae | Fructus Setariae Germinatus | Guya | Millet Sprout | Dried ripe fruit by germinating (sic) |
| Siegesbeckia glabrescens | Asteraceae | Herba Siegesbeckiae* | Xixiancao | Siegesbeckia Herb | Dried aerial part |
| Siegesbeckia orientalis | Asteraceae | Herba Siegesbeckiae* | Xixiancao | Siegesbeckia Herb | Dried aerial part |
| Siegesbeckia pubescens | Asteraceae | Herba Siegesbeckiae* | Xixiancao | Siegesbeckia Herb | Dried aerial part |
| Sinapsis alba | Brassicaceae | Semen Sinapsis (Albae)* | Jiezi* | Mustard Seed | Ripe seed |
| Sinocalamus beecheyanus var. pubescens | Poaceae | Caulis Bambusae in Taeniam* | Zhuru | Bamboo Shavings | Dried middle shavings of stem |
| Sinomenium acutum | Menispermaceae | Caulis Sinomenii* | Qingfengteng | Orientvine Stem | Dried lianoid stem |
| Sinomenium acutum var. cinereum | Menispermaceae | Caulis Sinomenii* | Qingfengteng | Orientvine Stem | Dried lianoid stem |
| Sinopodophyllum emodi | Berberidaceae | Fructus Sinopodophylli | Xiaoyelian | Common Sinopodophyllum Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Smilax glabra | Liliaceae | Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae | Tufuling | Glabrous Greenbrier Rhizome | Dried rhizome |
| Sophora flavescens | Fabaceae | Radix Sophorae Flavescentis | Kushen | Lightyellow Sophora Root | Dried root |
| Sophora japonica | Fabaceae | Flos Sophorae | Huaihua | Pagodatree Flower | Dried flower and flower bud |
| Sophora japonica | Fabaceae | Fructus Sophorae | Huaijiao | Japanese Pagodatree Pod | Dried ripe fruit |
| Sophora tonkinensis | Fabaceae | Radix Sophorae Tonkinensis | Shandougen | Vietnamese Sophora Root | Dried root ans rhizome |
| Sparganium stoloniferum | Sparganiaceae | Rhizoma Sparganii | Sanleng | Common Burreed Tuber | Dried rhizome |
| Spatholobus suberectus | Fabaceae | Caulis Spatholobi | Jixueteng | Suberect Spatholobus Stem | Dried lianoid stem |
| Spirodela polyrrhiza | Lemnaceae | Herba Spirodelae | Fuping | Common Ducksmeat Herb | Dried herb |
| Stachyurus chinensis | Stachyuraceae | Medulla Stachyuri | Xiaotongcao* | Stachyurus or Japanese Helwingia Pith | Dried stem pith |
| Stachyurus himalaicus | Stachyuraceae | Medulla Stachyuri | Xiaotongcao* | Stachyurus or Japanese Helwingia Pith | Dried stem pith |
| Stellaria dichotoma var. lanceolata | Caryophyllaceae | Radix Stellariae | Yinchaihu | Starwort Root | Dried root |
| Stemona japonica | Stemonaceae | Radix Stemonae* | Baibu | Stemona Root | Dried root tuber |
| Stemona sessilifolia | Stemonaceae | Radix Stemonae* | Baibu | Stemona Root | Dried root tuber |
| Stemona tuberosa | Stemonaceae | Radix Stemonae* | Baibu | Stemona Root | Dried root tuber |
| Stephania tetranda | Menispermaceae | Radix Stephaniae Tetrandae | Fangji | Fourstamen Stephania Root | Dried root |
| Sterculia lychnophora | Sterculiaceae | Semen Sterculiae Lychnophorae | Pangdahai | Boat-fruited Sterculia Seed | Dried ripe seed |
| Strychnos nux-vomica | Loganiaceae | Semen Strychni | Maqianzi | Nux Vomica | Dried ripe seed |
| Styrax tonkinensis | Styracaceae | Benzoinum | Anxixiang | Benzoin | Resin |
| Swertia mileensis | Gentianaceae | Herba Swertiae Mileensis | Qingyedan | Mile Swertia Herb | Dried herb |
| Tamarix chinensis | Tamaricaceae | Cacumen Tamaricis | Xiheliu | Chinese Tamarisk Twig | Dried young twig and leaf |
| Taraxacum mongolicum et spp. | Asteraceae | Herba Taraxaci* | Pugongying | Dandelion | Dried herb |
| Taraxacum sinicum et spp. | Asteraceae | Herba Taraxaci* | Pugongying | Dandelion | Dried herb |
| Taxillus chinensis | Loranthaceae | Herba Taxilli | Sangjisheng | Chinese Taxillus Herb | Dried branch with leaf |
| Terminalia bellerica | Combretaceae | Fructus Terminaliae Billericae | Maohezi | Belleric Terminalia Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Terminalia chebula | Combretaceae | Fructus Chebulae* | Hezi | Medicine Terminalia Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Terminalia chebula var. tomentella | Combretaceae | Fructus Chebulae* | Hezi | Medicine Terminalia Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Tetrapanax papyriferus | Araliaceae | Medulla Tetrapanacis | Tongcao | Ricepaperplant Pith | Dried stem pith |
| Tinospora capillipes | Menispermaceae | Radix Tinosporae* | Jinguolan | Tinospora Root | Dried root tuber |
| Tinospora sagittata | Menispermaceae | Radix Tinosporae* | Jinguolan | Tinospora Root | Dried root tuber |
| Torreya grandis | Taxaceae | Semen Torreyae | Feizi | Grand Torreya Seed | Dried ripe seed |
| Toxicodendron vernicifluum | Anacardiaceae | Resina Toxicodendri | Ganqi | Dried Lacquer | Dried purified resin |
| Trachelospermum jasminoides | Apocynaceae | Caulis Trachelospermi | Luoshiteng | Chinese Starjasmine Stem | Dried lianoid stem with leaf |
| Trachycarpus fortunei | Arecaceae | Petiolus Trachycarpi | Zonglu | Fortune Windmillpalm Petiole | Dried petiole |
| Tribulus terrestris | Zygophyllaceae | Fructus Tribuli | Jili | Puncturevine Caltrop Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Trichosanthes kirilowii | Cucurbitaceae | Fructus Trichosanthis* | Gualou | Snakegourd Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Trichosanthes kirilowii | Cucurbitaceae | Semen Trichosanthis* | Gualouzi | Snakegourd Seed | Dried ripe seed |
| Trichosanthes kirilowii | Cucurbitaceae | Radix Trichosanthis* | Tianhuafen | Snakegourd Root | Dried root |
| Trichosanthes kirilowii | Cucurbitaceae | Pericarpium Trichosanthis* | Gualoupi | Snakegourd Peel | Dried pericarp of the ripe fruit |
| Trichosanthes rosthornii | Cucurbitaceae | Pericarpium Trichosanthis* | Gualoupi | Snakegourd Peel | Dried pericarp of the ripe fruit |
| Trichosanthes rosthornii | Cucurbitaceae | Fructus Trichosanthis* | Gualou | Snakegourd Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Trichosanthes rosthornii | Cucurbitaceae | Semen Trichosanthis* | Gualouzi | Snakegourd Seed | Dried ripe seed |
| Trichosanthes rosthornii | Cucurbitaceae | Radix Trichosanthis* | Tianhuafen | Snakegourd Root | Dried root |
| Trigonella foenum-graecum | Fabaceae | Semen Trigonellae | Huluba | Common Fenugreek Seed | Dried ripe seed |
| Tussilago farfara | Asteraceae | Flos Farfarae | Kuandonghua | Common Coltsfoot Flower | Dried flower bud |
| Typha angustifolia et spp. | Typhaceae | Pollen Typhae* | Puhuang | Cattail Pollen | Dried pollen |
| Typha orientalis et spp. | Typhaceae | Pollen Typhae* | Puhuang | Cattail Pollen | Dried pollen |
| Typhonium giganteum | Araceae | Rhizoma Typhonii | Baifuzi | Giant Typhonium Rhizome | Dried tuber |
| Uncaria hirsuta | Rubiaceae | Ramulus Uncariae cum Uncis* | Gouteng | Gambir Plant | Dried hook-bearing branch |
| Uncaria macrophylla | Rubiaceae | Ramulus Uncariae cum Uncis* | Gouteng | Gambir Plant | Dried hook-bearing branch |
| Uncaria rhynchophylla | Rubiaceae | Ramulus Uncariae cum Uncis* | Gouteng | Gambir Plant | Dried hook-bearing branch |
| Uncaria sessilifructus | Rubiaceae | Ramulus Uncariae cum Uncis* | Gouteng | Gambir Plant | Dried hook-bearing branch |
| Uncaria sinensis | Rubiaceae | Ramulus Uncariae cum Uncis* | Gouteng | Gambir Plant | Dried hook-bearing branch |
| Vaccaria segetalis | Caryophyllaceae | Semen Vaccariae | Wangbuliuxing | Cowherb Seed | Dried ripe seed |
| Verbena officinalis | Verbenaceae | Herba Verbenae | Mabiancao | European Verbena Herb | Dried aerial part |
| Viola yedoensis | Violaceae | Herba Violae | Zihuadiding | Tokyo Violet Herb | Dried herb |
| Viscum coloratum | Loranthaceae | Herba Visci | Hujisheng | Colored Mistletoe Herb | Dried stem and branch with leaf |
| Vitex negundo var. cannabifolia | Verbenaceae | Folium Viticis Negundo | Mujingye | Hempleaf Negundo Chastetree Leaf | Fresh leaf |
| Vitex negundo var. cannabifolia | Verbenaceae | Oleum Viticis Negundo | Mujingyou | Negundo Chastetree Oil | Volatile oil obtained by steam distillation from the fresh leaf |
| Vitex trifolia | Verbenaceae | Fructus Viticis* | Manjingzi | Shrub Chastetree Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Vitex trifolia var. simplicifolia | Verbenaceae | Fructus Viticis* | Manjingzi | Shrub Chastetree Fruit | Dried ripe fruit |
| Vladimiria souliei | Asteraceae | Radix Vladimiriae | Chuanmuxiang | Common Vladimiria Root | Dried root |
| Vladimiria souliei var. cinerea | Asteraceae | Radix Vladimiriae | Chuanmuxiang | Common Vladimiria Root | Dried root |
| Xanthium sibiricum | Asteraceae | Fructus Xanthii | Cang'erzi | Siberian Cocklebur Fruit | Dried ripe bur with involucre |
| Zanthoxylum bungeanum | Rutaceae | Pericarpium Zanthoxyli* | Huajiao | Pricklyash Peel | Dried pericarp of the ripe fruit |
| Zanthoxylum nitidum | Rutaceae | Radix Zanthoxyli | Liangmianzhen | Shinyleaf Pricklyash Root | Dried root |
| Zanthoxylum schinifolium | Rutaceae | Pericarpium Zanthoxyli* | Huajiao | Pricklyash Peel | Dried pericarp of the ripe fruit |
| Zingiber officinale | Zingiberaceae | Rhizoma Zingiberis | Ganjiang | Zingiber (Dried Ginger) | Dried rhizome |
| Zingiber officinale | Zingiberaceae | Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens | Shengjiang | Fresh Ginger | Fresh rhizome |
| Ziziphus jujuba | Rhamnaceae | Fructus Jujubae | Dazao | Chinese Date | Dried ripe fruit |
| Ziziphus jujuba var. spinosa | Rhamnaceae | Semen Ziziphi Spinosae | Suanzaoren | Spine Date Seed | Dried ripe seed |